Predicting Critical Thinking Based on Self-Efficacy Beliefs with the Mediating Role of Solution-Building Mindset in Students

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Iran.

2 Master of Science Student in Clinical Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur Branch, Neyshabur, Iran.

10.22098/j9032.2026.17355.1048

Abstract

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the predictive role of self-efficacy beliefs in critical thinking among university students, with the solution-building mindset as a mediating variable. It sought to explore how these psychological constructs interact to enhance students’ cognitive and intellectual development, emphasizing their implications for academic success and lifelong learning. Method: A correlational design with path analysis was employed, involving 211 students (113 female, 98 male) from the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in the 2025 academic year, selected via cluster sampling. Data were collected using Ricketts’ Critical Thinking Questionnaire, Sherer’s General Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Solution-Building Inventory. Findings: Results revealed significant positive correlations (p ≤ 0.01) between critical thinking (and its subcomponents: creativity, maturity, commitment), self-efficacy beliefs, and solution-building mindset. Path analysis confirmed good model fit (CFI, IFI, GFI, RMSEA), with direct paths from self-efficacy to solution-building mindset (p < 0.001), self-efficacy to critical thinking (p < 0.001), and solution-building mindset to critical thinking (p < 0.001). The indirect effect of self-efficacy on critical thinking via solution-building mindset was also significant (p < 0.001), indicating mediation. Standardized coefficients underscored the solution-building mindset’s role in enhancing critical thinking outcomes. Conclusion: The study confirms that self-efficacy beliefs significantly predict critical thinking, with the solution-building mindset mediating this relationship, fostering creativity, commitment, and maturity. These findings highlight the importance of cultivating self-efficacy and solution-focused thinking to enhance students’ analytical skills and psychological well-being. Universities should implement workshops integrating solution-focused techniques, such as goal-setting and resource identification, to boost self-efficacy and critical thinking. Faculty training programs should encourage educators to model solution-building behaviors, creating reflective and collaborative classroom environments. Future research should employ longitudinal designs and objective measures to validate findings across diverse populations. These interventions can empower students to navigate academic and professional challenges, fostering independent and innovative thinkers equipped for the modern world.

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A Review of Theorizing of Behavioral Sciences
Volume 2, Issue 4
October 2025

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