Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Department of educational sciences and counseling, Faculty of literature and humanities,University of Guilan.Rasht.Iran
2 department of theology (Quran &hadith), Faculty of literature and humanities, University of Guilan, rasht. iran
Abstract
All the different theories of social sciences and humanities claim to present a new perspective on the actualized and the desirable human being and strategies to bring the actualized human being closer to the desirable human being. All theorists have their own epistemological foundations and theorize accordingly. Rogers's client centered theory is the same. According to Rogers, who is influenced by Kant and the philosophy of phenomenology, knowledge of external and objective reality is a relative and personal matter in such a way that everyone has their own knowledge. Reality is what each person perceives, and the only means of cognition is the human mind or the subject. The result of Rogers' view about the possibility of cognition is relativism. The criterion of cognition is also the usefulness of propositions in practice (Pragmatism), while from the point of view of Muslim thinkers who are in favor of epistemological realism, the external reality can be known with certainty. Also the tools of cognition are sense, fancy, imagination, heart and Intellect. Rogers' criterion of cognition, that is, pragmatism, is also self-contradictory and endless chaining and therefore unacceptable.
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